Fig. 7

(A) The number of MPCSs (motifs present on Can-SINE elements) in the top 100 motifs at each level of five canids. Fisher’s exact test is performed to compare the odds of MPCS occurrences. The five significant p-values above the bar chart indicate that the MPCS occurrences increase significantly at level four in dogs, dingoes, and dholes while they do so at level five in red foxes and wolves. (B) The relative change of MPCSs in percentages at each level from wolf to dog. The number of MPCSs increases most prominently at level four by 61.9%, followed by 43.6% at the ninth level. (C) The Venn diagram of MPCSs in the top 100 motifs in the fourth eigenvectors of dogs and wolves. The result is based on the MPCSs output by the MATCH program with the minFP option. Nine highlighted MPCSs rank at the top of the fourth motif-eigenvector in both humans and dogs, but do not in wolves. They include four motifs of important transcription factors involved in myelination and long-term memory, MAZ_Q6, MYOGNF1_01, SP1_Q2_01, and TAXCREB_01.