Table 1 FFF process parameters for printing PLA in vacuum. H0 and H90 specimens were printed in horizontal (x or y) direction with load applied parallel (0) and perpendicular (90) to filament strand orientation; V90 specimens were printed in vertical (z) direction with load applied perpendicular to the filament strand orientation.

From: Fused filament fabrication of thermoplastics in high vacuum without convective heat transfer

Parameter

Setting

Operating pressure [mbar]

~ 10− 4

Nozzle temperature [°C]

First layer [°C]

180

200

Bed temperature [°C]

60

Chamber temperature [°C]

Room temperature, no additional chamber heating applied

 

H0 and H90

V90

Nozzle speed [mm/s]

30

10

First layer speed [mm/s]

5

5

Outer perimeter speed [mm/s]

Not applicable

5

Layer height [mm]

0.2

Extrusion width [mm]

0.45

Infill pattern

Aligned rectilinear

Infill density [%]

100