Fig. 7
From: VR-based gamma sensory stimulation: a pilot feasibility study
Modulation of gamma neural activity in response to task-based VR Gamma Sensory Stimulation. (A) Group-level PSD comparison between 40 Hz audiovisual stimulation and sham conditions. The plot displays grand average power spectra (± SEM, shaded regions) across selected channels (FCz, C1, C2, Cz, Oz, PO3, PO4, POz). Power spectra are illustrated for the 40 Hz stimulation condition (labeled as AudioVisual-40 Hz stimulation and represented in blue) and the sham condition (labeled as SHAM and depicted in grey). The topo map depicts the spatial distribution of power modulation in gamma band (38–42 Hz) at the sensor level using baseline corrected log power ratio. The color scale represents the relative change in power from baseline, where darker blue indicates lower power and red indicates higher power. A simplified illustration of the task is shown in the same panel, depicting the audiovisual content flickered during the encoding phase of an associative memory task (Experiment 3: active multimodal 40 Hz stimulation; see Methods for more details). (B) Fold change in gamma -band (38–42 Hz) power (left) and inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC; right) from baseline across the same channels. Violin plots display individual subject data (circles) and group medians (horizontal lines) for AV-40 Hz (blue) and sham (grey) conditions. Asterisks denote statistically significant differences (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001); “n.s.” indicates non-significant comparisons.
