Table 5 Hyperparameter settings and descriptions.

From: An effective brain stroke diagnosis strategy based on feature extraction and hybrid classifier

Hyperparameter

Value

Meaning

Optimizer

Adam

Adaptive optimizer for efficient training

Learning rate

1 × 10−4

Controls update step size

Batch size

32

Samples per training step

Epochs

8

Full passes over the dataset

Scheduler

StepLR (step = 7, γ = 0.1)

Reduces learning rate after 7 epochs

Loss function

CrossEntropyLoss

Used for classification tasks

Dropout (VGG16)

0.5

Prevents overfitting by dropping neurons

Input image size

224 × 224

Standard input size for models

ViT patch size

16 × 16

Patch size for Vision Transformer

Feature vector size

VGG16: 4096, ViT: 768

Output dimensions from each model

Fusion method

Feature Concatenation

Combines features from both models

GPU used

NVIDIA Tesla P100

Hardware used for training