Fig. 8
From: Quantum granular-ball generation methods and their application in KNN classification

Quantum circuit for constructing the unitary operator G. a W preps the data set, V preps granular-ball center data, U calculates fidelity. b The circuit includes the inverse operations \(U^\dagger\) for U, \(V^\dagger\) for V, and \(W^\dagger\) for W. Additionally, the function of Z is to rotate \(180^{\circ }\) around the z-axis of qubit \(\vert {B}\rangle\).