Fig. 4

Training and switching between volatile and nonvolatile operation of the alloyed memristor. (a) Volatile I(V) cycles as found during the initial training cycles. The plot shows 40 \(\:I\left(V\right)\) cycles in light grey with a current limitation of 10 nA and the corresponding Vset distribution. The sweep direction of the cycles is indicated by the arrows. The median \(\:I\left(V\right)\) cycle is highlighted in dark. The Vset distribution during the initial volatile operation is broad (b) Nonvolatile training with a current compliance of 1 mA. 40 \(\:I\left(V\right)\) cycles are plotted in grey with the median calculated cycle highlighted in red. In the nonvolatile operation regime, the device exhibits a narrow set voltage distribution. (c) Highly repeatable volatile cycles as found after training in the nonvolatile regime. 40 \(\:I\left(V\right)\) cycles are plotted with the median highlighted in blue. After cycling in the nonvolatile operation regime, the volatile operation drastically improves compared to the initial volatile cycles. (d) Switching seven times back and forth between operation regimes with an alloyed memristor. Each subfigure consists of 40 cycles (light grey) with the calculated median cycle highlighted (blue or red). This proves the ability to change the operation regime by only adapting the current limitation.