Table 3 System elements of energy equivalents in hydroponic farming.

From: Sustainable hydroponic production using solar energy and treated greywater within the water-energy-food-environment nexus

Input and output

Energy equivalent (MJ/unit)

References

Input

 Human labor (hr)

1.96

41,42

 Stationary equipment (kg yr)

9

41

 Electricity (kWh)

11.93

41

 Seeds

14.7

41

 Pesticides (kg)

199

41

 Phosphate (P2O5)

12.44

43

 Potassium (K2O)

11.15

43

 Nitrogen (N)

66.14

41,43

Output

 Lettuce (kg)

0.7

44

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