Table 3 Robustness test.
From: How ESG accelerates the industrial robot applications in manufacturing
Variables | (1) Kernel | (2) Caliper | (3) Near-neighbor | (4) Lag processing | (5) Sample exclusion | (6) IV test | (7) Replace explanatory variables |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\(esg\) | 0.100*** (0.030) | 0.101*** (0.030) | 0.100*** (0.030) | 0.061* (0.032) | 0.120*** (0.033) | 0.194** (0.078) | 0.106** (0.043) |
\(\_cons\) | 0.008** (0.004) | 1.816*** (0.041) | 1.820*** (0.040) | 1.813*** (0.041) | 1.809*** (0.039) | 1.804*** (0.024) | 1.412*** (0.186) |
Control variable | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year F.E | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
City F.E | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Obs | 8416 | 8393 | 8418 | 7848 | 7552 | 8456 | 8456 |
R-squared | 0.126 | 0.127 | 0.126 | 0.127 | 0.125 | 0.182 |
