Fig. 3

Analysis of urinary 5-HT and metabolite. (a) Log-transformed urinary serotonin (5-HT/creatinine) levels in sham (n = 7) and B16F0-Tph1 (n = 7) mice at 5 weeks post-surgery. (b) Log-transformed urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA/creatinine) levels in the same groups. Data are shown as individual points with median ± IQR. Statistical significance was determined using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (****p < 0.0001, ns: not significant).