Table 1 Sociodemographic features, substance consumption, internet, and videogame variables among male and female adolescent gamblers (ESTUDES 2018/2019–2021).
2018/2019 (n = 5526) | 2021 (n = 2432) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | |||
Age | 14–16 | 3205 (58) | 1370 (56.27) | 0.154 |
17–18 | 2321 (42) | 1064 (43.73) | ||
Sex | Male | 4268 (77.23) | 1911 (78.52) | 0.208 |
Female | 1258 (22.77) | 523 (21.48) | ||
Country of birth | Spain | 5006 (90.71) | 2264 (93.32) | < 0.001 |
Other | 513 (9.29) | 162 (6.68) | ||
Parents’ employment status | Both unemployed | 146 (2.69) | 71 (3.08) | 0.003 |
One employed | 1843 (33.98) | 867 (37.70) | ||
Both employed | 3436 (63.33) | 1362 (59.22) | ||
Parents’ education level | No formal | 99 (1.96) | 28 (1.28) | 0.011 |
Primary school | 251 (4.97) | 89 (4.07) | ||
Secondary school | 2351 (46.59) | 977 (44.82) | ||
Higher education | 2346 (46.48) | 1087 (49.83) | ||
Monthly family income | Above average | 1031 (18.79) | 402 (16.76) | 0.045 |
Around average | 4230 (77.08) | 1879 (78.35) | ||
Below average | 227 (4.13) | 117 (4.90) | ||
Size of town or city | < 10,000 habitants | 762 (13.78) | 220 (9.03) | < 0.001 |
> 10,000 habitants | 4764 (86.22) | 2214 (90.97) | ||
Type of videogame user | None | 1903 (34.45) | 736 (30.25) | < 0.001 |
Recreational Videogame player | 1398 (25.31) | 682 (28.02) | ||
Esport spectator | 199 (3.60) | 130 (5.35) | ||
Esport player | 2025 (36.64) | 886 (36.38) | ||
Internet gaming disorder | No | 4866 (88.06) | 2125 (87.32) | 0.345 |
Yes | 660 (11.94) | 309 (12.68) | ||
Compulsive internet use | No | 1694 (30.65) | 837 (34.40) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 3832 (69.35) | 1597 (65.60) | ||
Alcohol use in the past 12 months | No | 909 (16.45) | 483 (19.85) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 4617 (83.55) | 1951 (80.15) | ||
Marijuana use in the past 12 months | No | 3243 (58.68) | 1524 (62.62) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 2283 (41.32) | 910 (37.38) | ||
TSSps use in the past 12 months | No | 4590 (83.06) | 2000 (82.17) | 0.331 |
Yes | 936 (16.94) | 434 (17.83) | ||
Cocaine use in the past 12 months | No | 5179 (93.73) | 2274 (93.43) | 0.621 |
Yes | 347 (6.27) | 160 (6.57) | ||
Other illicit psychoactive drug use in the last 12 months | No | 4992 (90.34) | 2203 (90.52) | 0.809 |
Yes | 534 (9.66) | 231 (9.48) | ||
Novel psychoactive substances use in the last 12 months | No | 5239 (94.81) | 2304 (94.64) | 0.731 |
Yes | 287 (5.19) | 131 (5.36) |
