Table 4 Factors associated with substance use among adolescent gamblers (ESTUDES 2018/2019–2021).
Alcohol | Marijuana | TSSp | Cocaine | Other illicit psychoactive drugs | Novel psychoactive substances | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (CI95%) | OR (CI95%) | OR (CI95%) | OR (CI95%) | OR (CI95%) | OR (CI95%) | ||
Age | 14–16 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
17–18 | 2.71(2.15–3.41) | 1.34(1.17–1.54) | 1.05(0.86–1.29) | 1.37(1.03–1.82) | 1.28(1.02–1.59) | 0.99(0.76–1.28) | |
Sex Country of birth | Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 1.12(0.89–1.41) | 0.88(0.74–1.06) | 2.04(1.65–2.52) | 0.86(0.6–1.21) | 0.88(0.67–1.16) | 0.92(0.67–1.27) | |
Other | 1 | NS | NS | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Spain | 1.68(1.21–2.35) | NS | NS | 0.63(0.42–0.96) | 0.54(0.38–0.77) | 0.58(0.4–0.85) | |
Parent´s education level | No formal | 1 | NS | NS | 1 | NS | 1 |
Primary school | 1.79(0.76–4.19) | NS | NS | 0.46(0.17–1.28) | NS | 0.26(0.1–0.7) | |
Secondary school | 2.33(1.1–4.97) | NS | NS | 0.48(0.2–1.11) | NS | 0.43(0.2–0.9) | |
Higher education | 1.67(0.78–3.56) | NS | NS | 0.42(0.18–0.99) | NS | 0.46(0.22–0.96) | |
Monthly family income | Below average | NS | NS | NS | 1 | NS | NS |
Above average | NS | NS | NS | 0.81(0.4–1.67) | NS | NS | |
Around average | NS | NS | NS | 0.51(0.26–0.99) | NS | NS | |
Type of videogame user | Recreational Videogame player | 1 | 1 | NS | NS | NS | NS |
None | 1.42(1.12–1.8) | 1.28(1.07–1.53) | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
Esport spectator | 1.21(0.78–1.88) | 0.91(0.65–1.29) | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
Esport player | 1.02(0.82–1.28) | 1.05(0.88–1.25) | NS | NS | NS | NS | |
Internet gaming disorder | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | 1.4(0.99–1.99) | |
Compulsive internet use | NS | NS | 0.67(0.55–0.82) | NS | NS | 0.71(0.55–0.93) | |
Perceived availability | Impossible/very difficult to obtain | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NS |
Easy/very easy to obtain | 2.92(1.95–4.37) | 5.98(4.72–7.57) | 2.12(1.7–2.65) | 5.15(3.81–6.98) | 2.25(1.8–2.82) | NS | |
Perceived health risk for consumption | Quite a few/many problems | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NS |
No/few problems | 1.52(1.21–1.9) | 3.16(2.64–3.77) | 1.84(1.41–2.4) | 5.44(3.57–8.28) | 3.2(2.09–4.9) | NS | |
ESTUDES | 2021 | 0.72(0.59–0.87) | 0.85(0.74–0.98) | 1.1(0.9–1.36) | 1.22(0.9–1.65) | 0.98(0.78–1.23) | 1.09(0.83–1.43) |
