Table 7 Performance comparison of the proposed fuzzy-PS MPPT method with traditional and advanced fuzzy logic-based MPPT controllers, including hardware and simulation results from recent literature.

From: Fuzzy controller-driven pattern search optimization for a DC–DC boost converter to enhance photovoltaic MPPT performance

Method/study

Settling time

Overshoot

Steady-state error/oscillation

Remarks

References

Fuzzy-PS (this work)

< 50 ms

< 1%

< 0.1%

Fastest convergence; lowest error; robust to rapid changes

Proposed

FLC vs. P&O

~ 50 ms

~ 0.75%

Minimal oscillation

FLC faster/steadier than P&O; P&O: 100–200 ms, 5–10% overshoot

4

Fuzzy Self-Tuning Incremental Conductance (InC)

Not specified

Very low

Efficiency 99.7–99.8%

Fuzzy + InC self-tuning, high efficiency, low overshoot

42

Hybrid FLC-InC

Not specified

Reduced

Improved stability

Hybrid FLC + InC, outperforms baseline P&O/InC

43

Asymmetric PSO-FLC

< 20 ms

< 1%

< 0.1%

PSO-optimized fuzzy MPPT, higher efficiency

44

Adaptive FLC on DSP

~ 30 ms

Very low

< 0.01 s

DSP-based controller; steady-state in

45

IP&O + Cascade Boost/Buck for HEV battery charging

~ 18 ms

Not specified

Minimal ripple

Provides up to 99.80% efficiency at 1000 W/m², ideal for PVHEV charging systems

46

Fuzzy MPPT (SML converter, Hardware)

4.5–6.35 ms

0.466%

Very low ripple

Real hardware, push-pull converter

47

FLDPID for SPVbattery charging circuit

Not specified

Not specified

Not specified

Intelligent fuzzy control for battery charging in SPV, demonstrates enhanced MPPT accuracy

48

Comparative FLC, InC, P&O

Tabulated

Tabulated

Tabulated

Comparative analysis under various profiles

49