Fig. 4

Spatial distribution of the standard deviation of the flood change ratio from the historical climate to 2.0 °C warming. (a) Standard deviation among three different SSP-RCPs; (b) standard deviation among three different ensembles (SSP5-RCP8.5). Grid cells with a 100-year RP discharge in the historical climate < 100 m3/s were excluded. The results of IPSL-CM6A-LR GCM are shown here.