Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Effect of music intervention on preoperative anxiety, a randomised clinical study

Fig. 1

Trial flow diagram. (A) Trial flow diagram. (B) Timeline of interventions and assessments. Participants underwent music or headphone-only sessions at T0 and T2. Anxiety (STAI-S), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were assessed at all perioperative time points (T0–T3). Postoperative outcomes including pain, satisfaction, safety outcomes were assessed at 24 h after surgery (T4).

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