Table 1 Comparative analysis of existing robotic ontologies.
From: Ontology-driven integration of advertised and operational capabilities in robots
Ontology name | Scope | Application | Use case |
|---|---|---|---|
CAPILANO43 | Task allocation | Manufacturing | Capability-based task allocation for heterogeneous resources line-less mobile assembly system |
PROSA44 | Semantic representations | Smart manufacturing | Semantic representations intended for smart manufacturing |
MANDATE45 | Product, process and resource paradigm | Manufacturing | International standard for representing manufacturing data |
RAMI 4.046 | Reference architecture of technical assets | Manufacturing | Manufacturing life cycle |
MASON47 | Entities and operational resources | Manufacturing | Ontology for manufacturing domain |
BaSys 4.048 | Combined basic and slave capabilities | Manufacturing | Task allocation to individual resources |
C4149 | Resource capabilities matching | Resource functionalities | Resource capability matching |
MaRCO50 | Combined capabilities from combination of resources | Resource allocation | Process and resource combined capabilities |
RoSO | Services via commons ontology library | Service environments | Builds robotic services foundation |
IR DisAssembly Capability OWL51 | DisAssembly Capability | ReManufacturing | Robotic DisAssembly |
OWL Urban Search and Rescue52 | Urban rescue robots | Rescue missions | Focuses on victim identification, situational awareness |
Open Robot Ontology (ORO)53 | General robotic systems, ROS-compatible | Home interactions | Enhances human-robot interaction |
Reasoning from sensor data | Home robotic tasks | Supports advanced machine learning for interaction | |
RoboDB56 | Robot component database | Robot design | Organises physical characteristics for design |
OASys57 | Autonomous system engineering | Robot/process control | Unifies conceptual and engineering aspects |
IEEE ORA58 | Robotics and automation | Robot standardisation | Standardises robotics knowledge |
CORA59 | Robotic system complexity | Broad robot definitions | Represents robots by functionality |
CORAX60 | Extends SUMO and CORA | Industrial settings | Focuses on design, environment interactions |
Robo Design61 | Hardware design for inspection robots | Mobile systems for building inspection | Integrates building features with design |
SOHO62 | Modeling human–robot collaborations | Interactive environments | Comprehensive modeling of HRC scenarios |
RPARTS60 | Robot parts specification | Component modeling | Details robot parts for design |
POS60 | Robot poses | Spatial modeling | Improves spatial accuracy |
ADROn62 | Automatic robot design | Automatic design | Links actions to structural parts |
Robot Ontology63 | Mobile robot systems | Locomotion focus | Details locomotion subsystems |
SOMA55 | Decision making in contexts | Various platforms | Integrates contexts, supports learning |
NEPs Ontology64 | Ethical behavior modeling | Ethical alignments | Structures ethical decision-making |
OCRA65 | Robot planning | Supports reasoning about collaborations and plan | Collaborative robot actions and plans |
