Table 13 The cost value according to each parameter.

From: An improved Sinh Cosh optimizer for optimizing energy management system in nano-grids

Parameter

Cost value

Photovoltaic panel power output (EPV)

0.586908

Wind turbine power output (EWIND)

0.672466

Generator power output (ENGG)

− 0.179648

Battery state of charge (EBat)

0.690722