Fig. 4

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of different prediction models in the testing sets. ROC curves of the 2D-CNN models in the internal-testing (A) and external-testing sets (B); ROC curves of the 3D-CNN models in the internal-testing (C) and external-testing sets (D); performance comparison between the 2D-ResNet-101 model and the four baseline machine learning models in the internal-testing (E) and external-testing (F) sets. SVM, support vector machine.