Table 1 Baseline clinical-radiologic features of the datasets.

From: Noncontrast CT-based deep learning for predicting intracerebral hemorrhage expansion incorporating growth of intraventricular hemorrhage

Clinic-radiologic features

Training set (n = 389)

Internal-testing set (n = 167)

External-testing set (n = 219)

non-rHE

(n = 271)

rHE

(n = 118)

P

non-rHE

(n = 116)

rHE

(n = 51)

P

non-rHE

(n = 139)

rHE

(n = 80)

P

Sex*(male)

203(74.9)

87(73.7)

0.806

82(70.7)

41(80.4)

0.190

95(68.3)

52(65.0)

0.612

Age#(year)

57.67

(13.81)

63.03

(12.20)

<0.001

58.89

(13.82)

61.00

(15.02)

0.377

60.16

(14.02)

63.89

(14.58)

0.063

Alcohol consumption*

105(38.7)

48(40.7)

0.720

48(41.4)

14(27.5)

0.086

37(26.6)

10(12.5)

0.014

Smoking*

121(44.6)

54(45.8)

0.839

52(44.8)

17(33.3)

0.165

39(28.1)

18(22.5)

0.367

Diabetes mellitus *

36(13.3)

26(22.0)

0.030

21(18.1)

9(17.6)

0.944

22(15.8)

16(20.0)

0.432

Hypertension*

236(87.1)

105(89.0)

0.601

100(86.2)

40(78.4)

0.209

112(80.6)

67(83.8)

0.558

Onset to baseline CT time interval# (hour)

5.00

(5.00)

3.00

(4.00)

0.001

4.00

(5.00)

3.00

(3.00)

0.013

4.00

(2.00)

4.00

(3.00)

0.210

Admission SBP# (mm Hg)

166.00

(35.00)

170.50

(37.00)

0.045

166.78

(29.78)

172.02

(30.53)

0.300

156.00

(38.00)

150.00

(29.00)

0.124

Admission DBP# (mm Hg)

98.00

(22.00)

96.00

(32.00)

0.822

99.7

(18.63)

95.61

(22.57)

0.240

90.00

(19.00)

84.50

(20.00)

0.121

INR#

1.01

(0.10)

1.02

(0.09)

0.330

1.01

(0.10)

1.01

(0.08)

0.910

1.01

(0.08)

1.03

(0.12)

0.056

Antithrombotic*

12(4.4)

14(11.9)

0.007

7(6.0)

10(19.6)

0.008

11(7.9)

10(12.5)

0.267

Anticoagulation*

6(2.2)

13(11.0)

<0.001

2(1.7)

4(7.8)

0.132

6(4.3)

6(7.5)

0.491

ICH volume# (ml)

12.45

(15.82)

18.95

(19.88)

<0.001

17.43

(23.79)

24.40

(28.13)

0.040

17.39

(26.10)

21.70

(37.87)

0.005

IVH volume# (ml)

0.00

(0.00)

0.00

(8.15)

<0.001

0.00

(1.07)

0.00

(3.70)

0.119

0.00

(0.28)

1.82

(15.039)

<0.001

Location*

  

0.007

  

0.853

  

0.486

Lobar

40(14.8)

5(4.2)

 

4(3.5)

2(3.9)

 

17(12.2)

6(7.5)

 

Deep

177(65.3)

92(78.0)

 

78(67.2)

32(62.7)

 

88(63.3)

51(63.8)

 

Infratentorial

54(19.9)

21(17.8)

 

34(29.3)

17(33.3)

 

34(24.5)

23(28.8)

 

IVH*

48(17.7)

55(46.6)

<0.001

36(31.0)

23(45.1)

0.080

35(25.2)

51(63.8)

<0.001

SAH*

24(8.9)

17(14.4)

0.101

19(16.4)

13(25.5)

0.168

18(12.9)

17(21.3)

0.107

Irregular shape*

78(28.8)

51(43.2)

0.005

51(44.0)

24(47.1)

0.711

51(36.7)

39(48.8)

0.081

Satellite sign*

71(26.2)

46(39.0)

0.011

43(37.1)

24(47.1)

0.225

51(36.7)

34(42.5)

0.396

Island sign*

16(5.9)

27(22.9)

<0.001

10(8.6)

14(27.5)

0.001

24(17.3)

15(18.8)

0.782

Black hole sign*

40(14.8)

26(22.0)

0.079

25(21.6)

11(21.6)

0.998

23(16.5)

14(17.5)

0.856

Blend sign*

28(10.3)

20(16.9)

0.068

18(15.5)

11(21.6)

0.342

13(9.4)

7(8.8)

0.882

Fluid level*

3(1.1)

2(1.7)

1.000

3(2.6)

0(0.0)

0.554

4(2.9)

1(1.3)

0.759

Swirl sign*

53(19.6)

39(33.1)

0.004

31(26.7)

16(31.4)

0.538

26(18.7)

13(16.3)

0.647

Hypodensity*

90(33.2)

75(63.6)

<0.001

44(37.9)

27(52.9)

0.071

50(36.0)

30(37.5)

0.821

Heterogeneous density*

25(9.2)

27(22.9)

<0.001

14(12.1)

15(29.4)

0.006

24(17.3)

14(17.5)

0.965

  1. #Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range [IQR]), P-value was calculated with Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. *Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages (%), P-value was calculated with the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; INR, international normalized ratio; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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