Table 4 Comparison of nickel-doped CaO catalyst with other reported heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production.

From: Sustainable biodiesel production from cottonseed oil using a nickel-doped eggshell heterogeneous catalyst optimized via response surface methodology

Catalyst

Feedstock

Calcination temp (°C)

FAME yield (%)

Reusability (cycles)

Reference

Ni-doped CaO (this work)

Cottonseed oil

900

98.01

4

Present

CaO from eggshell

Cottonseed oil

900

96.3

2

10

Zn/CaO

Waste oil

800

93.5

3

16

KOH-activated CaO

Soybean oil

850

92.8

2

4

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