Table 1 Levels of the 28 selected metabolites, p values, VIP score, and AUC values in plasma of 4 w and 7 w AS mouse model.

1

Palmitic acid

155.7 ± 22.1

183.0 ± 9.0

1.17

0.00067

1.52

1.00

147.7 ± 12.9

191.0 ± 42.3

1.29

0.019

1.56

0.81

2

5-Methylcytidine

0.048 ± 0.020

0.024 ± 0.006

0.50

0.019

1.89

0.88

0.025 ± 0.016

0.009 ± 0.005

0.38

0.00049

1.77

0.93

3

MTA

0.011 ± 0.007

0.004 ± 0.001

0.35

0.019

1.81

0.88

0.005 ± 0.003

0.002 ± 0.002

0.45

0.015

1.47

0.82

4

Creatinine

0.81 ± 0.54

0.38 ± 0.15

0.47

0.028

1.02

0.86

0.86 ± 0.19

1.3 ± 0.4

1.49

0.0021

1.70

0.89

5

Pyruvic acid

13.0 ± 3.9

23.3 ± 6.7

1.79

0.019

2.01

0.88

7.6 ± 5.9

6.3 ± 2.0

0.83

1.000

0.27

0.50

6

3-Hydroxypropionic acid

10.3 ± 4.0

16.4 ± 4.5

1.60

0.028

1.62

0.86

4.9 ± 1.1

4.4 ± 1.4

0.88

0.684

0.68

0.56

7

Stearic acid

50.2 ± 10.4

64.2 ± 5.4

1.28

0.0080

1.51

0.92

48.3 ± 4.3

54.1 ± 7.2

1.12

0.063

1.18

0.75

8

Docosapentaenoic acid

2.0 ± 0.5

2.6 ± 0.3

1.26

0.040

1.38

0.84

1.5 ± 0.3

1.7 ± 0.5

1.14

0.393

0.47

0.62

9

Adrenic acid

23.5 ± 5.8

30.8 ± 3.6

1.31

0.028

1.55

0.86

11.2 ± 2.1

10.8 ± 1.8

0.96

0.853

0.27

0.53

10

Tryptophan

70.0 ± 30.0

93.6 ± 6.4

1.34

0.040

1.45

0.84

14.4 ± 4.6

12.1 ± 3.2

0.84

0.315

0.71

0.64

11

1-Methylguanosine

0.055 ± 0.034

0.019 ± 0.006

0.35

0.0080

1.96

0.92

0.017 ± 0.011

0.014 ± 0.004

0.87

0.631

0.02

0.57

12

N²-Methylguanosine

0.057 ± 0.037

0.018 ± 0.006

0.32

0.0080

2.01

0.92

0.015 ± 0.010

0.015 ± 0.004

0.96

0.393

0.32

0.62

13

N²,N²-Dimethylguanosine

0.028 ± 0.017

0.011 ± 0.003

0.39

0.0047

2.00

0.94

0.009 ± 0.006

0.007 ± 0.003

0.84

0.529

0.04

0.59

14

2-Hydroxybutyric acid

2.4 ± 1.5

1.9 ± 1.1

0.77

0.513

0.57

0.62

0.83 ± 0.10

1.7 ± 0.8

2.08

0.00049

1.87

0.93

15

3-Hydroxybutyric acid

43.8 ± 32.4

21.8 ± 13.2

0.50

0.440

0.47

0.64

10.9 ± 3.6

66.2 ± 75.3

6.05

0.0052

1.65

0.86

16

Malonic acid

0.46 ± 0.14

0.34 ± 0.09

0.74

0.129

1.04

0.76

0.58 ± 0.53

0.96 ± 0.68

1.66

0.029

1.29

0.79

17

Oxaloacetic acid

18.9 ± 6.0

19.2 ± 4.5

1.02

1.000

0.22

0.5

16.6 ± 1.6

14.6 ± 1.2

0.88

0.0068

1.60

0.85

18

2-Hydroxyglutaric acid

1.3 ± 0.5

1.5 ± 0.5

1.11

0.768

0.47

0.56

10.9 ± 1.7

8.8 ± 2.5

0.81

0.043

1.25

0.77

19

Arachidic acid

0.41 ± 0.16

0.45 ± 0.05

1.09

0.099

0.73

0.78

0.65 ± 0.15

0.39 ± 0.27

0.60

0.0021

1.75

0.89

20

Docosahexaenoic acid

39.6 ± 8.8

50.4 ± 10.4

1.27

0.165

1.29

0.74

1.9 ± 0.4

2.3 ± 0.5

1.24

0.043

1.17

0.77

21

Erucic acid

1.4 ± 0.6

1.4 ± 0.56

1.03

1.000

0.26

0.5

1.9 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.18

0.67

0.000076

2.13

0.97

22

Behenic acid

0.16 ± 0.08

0.17 ± 0.05

1.07

0.206

0.41

0.72

0.26 ± 0.03

0.18 ± 0.03

0.69

0.00021

2.08

0.95

23

Pipecolic acid

0.98 ± 0.25

1.2 ± 0.3

1.24

0.206

1.14

0.72

0.57 ± 0.24

1.2 ± 0.57

2.10

0.0068

1.69

0.85

24

Glutamic acid

19.6 ± 13.2

18.7 ± 2.7

0.95

0.440

0.30

0.64

6.4 ± 2.7

8.9 ± 2.5

1.40

0.043

1.29

0.77

25

Aspartic acid

3.4 ± 2.9

2.6 ± 0.5

0.77

0.859

0.34

0.54

1.8 ± 1.4

0.93 ± 0.96

0.51

0.0089

1.37

0.84

26

1-Methylhistidine

0.42 ± 0.14

0.38 ± 0.14

0.90

0.513

0.43

0.62

0.26 ± 0.05

0.77 ± 0.37

2.94

0.000022

2.20

0.99

27

Ornithine

20.8 ± 22.4

23.0 ± 8.2

1.11

0.165

0.80

0.74

9.4 ± 5.1

17.9 ± 8.1

1.90

0.019

1.46

0.81

28

Cytidine

2.2 ± 0.82

2.3 ± 1.0

1.03

0.953

0.001

0.52

1.1 ± 1.1

0.44 ± 0.31

0.39

0.035

1.37

0.78