Table 7 Subgroup analysis of the association between WWI Z-scores and increased AS.

From: Weight adjusted waist index is a superior obesity index for predicting arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Subgroup

OR (95% CI)

P for interaction

Sex

0.251

Male

1.31 (1.04, 1.65)

 

Female

1.57 (1.25, 1.99)

 

Age (years)

0.567

< 50

1.47 (1.14, 1.89)

 

≥ 50

1.61 (1.31, 1.98)

 

DBP (mmHg)

0.637

< 90

2.07 (1.52, 2.83)

 

≥ 90

1.88 (1.20, 2.95)

 

SBP (mmHg)

0.582

< 140

1.98 (1.45, 2.71)

 

≥ 140

2.32 (1.36, 3.95)

 

Abdominal obesity

0.359

Yes

1.59 (1.24, 2.04)

 

No

1.34 (1.01, 1.79)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

0.671

< 24

1.46 (1.12, 1.91)

 

≥ 24, < 28

1.35 (1.03, 1.64)

 

≥ 28

1.64 (1.13, 2.39)

 

TyG

0.706

< 2.03

1.38 (1.11, 1.72)

 

≥ 2.03

1.47 (1.15, 1.88)

 

ALT (U/L)

0.261

< 40

1.37 (1.14, 1.65)

 

≥ 40

1.73 (1.19, 2.52)

 

AST (U/L)

0.194

< 40

1.41 (1.18, 1.68)

 

≥ 40

2.15 (1.14, 4.03)

 

Duration of diabetes (years)

0.545

< 5

1.39 (1.14, 1.70)

 

≥ 5

1.54 (1.17, 2.02)

 

HbA1c (%)

 

0.080

< 7

1.22 (0.96, 1.56)

 

≥ 7

1.61 (1.30, 2.00)

 

Smoking status

0.915

Yes

1.44 (1.18, 1.76)

 

No

1.42 (1.07, 1.88)

 

Drinking status

0.561

Yes

1.55 (1.14, 2.12)

 

No

1.40 (1.16, 1.70)

 

Physical activity

0.285

Yes

1.19 (0.81, 1.74)

 

No

1.49 (1.24, 1.80)

 
  1. Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, physical activity, SBP, DBP, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic medication use, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, FPG, 2hPG, ALT, AST, TG, HDL-C, TC, LDL-C, ABI, CR, and eGFR, except for stratified variables.
  2. AS, arterial stiffness; WWI Z-score, weight-adjusted waist index Z-score; BMI, body mass index. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC ≥ 90 cm in males and WC ≥ 85 cm in females.
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