Table 3 Comparison of computational costs of different models.
Training set size | Hidden layer structure | Training time (s) | R2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HBPINN | 200 | 256-512-256 | 1.94 | Vw* | 0.9918 |
f * | 0.9814 | ||||
Vs* | 0.9155 | ||||
Average value | 0.9629 | ||||
BPINN | 200 | 256-512-1024-512-256 | 9.33 | Vw* | 0.9893 |
f * | 0.9986 | ||||
Vs* | 0.9008 | ||||
Average value | 0.9629 | ||||
VI-BPINN | 200 | 256-512-1024-512-256 | 8.21 | Vw* | 0.9841 |
f * | 0.9968 | ||||
Vs* | 0.9008 | ||||
Average value | 0.9606 | ||||
PINN | 2000 | 256-512-1024-512-256 | 19 | Vw* | 0.9778 |
f * | 0.9872 | ||||
Vs* | 0.9225 | ||||
Average value | 0.9625 |