Fig. 7

Expression values of the eight validated biomarkers on the protein and transcriptional level. Bar charts show the mean log2FC on protein and cellular and cell-free RNA level measured by label-free proteomics (left, a, c, e, g only) total RNA-Seq (second from left in a, c, e, g and left in b, d, f, h, cellular RNA only) and RT-qPCR (second from right: cellular RNA, right: cfRNA). Error bars represent the SEM, and asterisks indicate significant changes with p-values < 0.05 (*), < 0.01 (**) and < 0.001 (***) as assessed by Student’s t-test with Benjamini–Hochberg multiple testing correction (proteomics) and one-way ANOVA (RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR). For ANOVA, Dunnett’s post-test was used to compare treatment with the DMSO control, while the different vandetanib concentrations were compared using Tukey’s post-test. Each diagram shows the data for a different biomarker candidate gene: NDRG1 (a), FOXM1 (b), ISG20 (c), TPX2 (d), AHNAK2 (e), MYBL2 (f), THBD (g), and GPRC5C (h). FOXM1, TPX2, MYBL2, and GPRC5C were not detected on protein level.