Table 3 Sequences and information of the RT-qPCR primers used for validation of the final eight biomarkers. fw = forward, rv = reverse, bp = base pairs.

From: Extracellular vesicle-associated transcriptomic and proteomic biomarkers show in vitro potential for vandetanib treatment monitoring in anaplastic thyroid cancer

Target

Primer sequences (5’—> 3’)

Source

Tm

Amplicon size

ARF1

BioRad (qHsaCED0045157)

60 °C

UBC

fw: CTGGTGCTCCGTCTTAGAGG

rv: TTTCCCAGCAAAAGATCAACC

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

169 bp

GAPDH

fw: CAGCCTCAAGATCATCAGCA

rv: GTCTTCTGGGTGGCAGTGAT

Designed with Primer3

58 °C

60 °C

135 bp

NDRG1

fw: GACCTGGAGATTGAGCGACC

rv: CCCAACCACCAACAGAGCA

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

60 °C

75 bp

ISG20

fw: GCCTCCTACACAAGAGCATC

rv: CCCTCGCATCTTCCACCG

Designed with Primer3

61 °C

60 °C

64 bp

FOXM1

fw: AGCGACAGGTTAAGGTTGAGG

rv: TCTCAGTGCTGTTGATGGCG

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

61 °C

120 bp

TPX2

fw: ATGATGCCCCCTCGGATTTC

rv: AGCCCTCCAGTTCCATTCTTC

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

60 °C

133 bp

MYBL2

fw: CCTGCCTTACAAGTGGGTGG

rv: ACCAAGCATCAGGGTCCGA

Designed with Primer3

61 °C

61 °C

107 bp

AHNAK2

fw: GGAAGCGAGATTCAGGGGAC

rv: GGACAGCCTCTGGACGACT

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

61 °C

60 bp

GPRC5C

fw: GATGCACAAAGTTCCGTCCG

rv: AGTACATGTCTTCAGCCCGC

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

60 °C

113 bp

THBD

fw: GGGGTGATTAGAGGGAGGAGA

rv: TTGCCCAGTGGTCCAGTGA

Designed with Primer3

60 °C

61 °C

65 bp

  1. ARF1, UBC and GAPDH were chosen as reference genes for the cell-free RNA, and UBC and GAPDH for the cellular RNA after analyzing Cq values of multiple reference gene candidates from a preliminary Cal62 vandetanib treatment EV experiment with the algorithms NormFinder (https://www.moma.dk/software/normfinder, RRID:SCR_003387)99 and geNorm (https://genorm.cmgg.be/, RRID:SCR_006763)100. Log2FCs were calculated by normalizing the Cq values to the mean Cq of the reference genes and with respect to the PCR amplification efficiency101.