Table 7 Required SNR values (dB) for various modulation techniques, water types, and photo-sources at BER = 10−5.
Water Type | Modulation Type | LED-PS SNR (dB) at BER = 10−5 | LD-PS SNR (dB) at BER = 10−5 |
|---|---|---|---|
Pure Seawater | OOK | 16.95 | 5.88 |
PPM | 17.92 | 6.85 | |
DPSK | 21.51 | 10.44 | |
QPSK | 22.97 | 11.90 | |
32-PSK | 26.72 | 15.65 | |
64-QAM | 30.49 | 19.42 | |
Clear Ocean | OOK | 19.28 | 8.21 |
PPM | 20.25 | 9.18 | |
DPSK | 23.84 | 12.77 | |
QPSK | 25.30 | 14.23 | |
32-PSK | 29.05 | 17.98 | |
64-QAM | 32.82 | 21.75 | |
Coastal Ocean | OOK | 28.78 | 17.71 |
PPM | 29.75 | 18.68 | |
DPSK | 33.34 | 22.27 | |
QPSK | 34.81 | 23.73 | |
32-PSK | 38.56 | 27.49 | |
64-QAM | 42.33 | 31.26 | |
Turbid Harbor | OOK | 36.16 | 25.08 |
PPM | 37.13 | 26.05 | |
DPSK | 40.72 | 29.64 | |
QPSK | 42.18 | 31.11 | |
32-PSK | 45.93 | 34.86 | |
64-QAM | 49.70 | 38.63 |
