Table 8 Shannon spectral efficiency (upper bound) values (bps/Hz) for various modulation techniques, water types, and photo-sources at SNR = 30 dB.
Water Type | Modulation Type | LED-PS channel capacity (bps/Hz) at SNR = 30 dB | LD-PS channel capacity (bps/Hz) at SNR = 30 dB |
|---|---|---|---|
Pure Seawater | OOK | 7.5211 | 11.1919 |
PPM | 3.6006 | 5.4351 | |
DPSK | 6.0211 | 9.6785 | |
QPSK | 13.0580 | 20.3851 | |
32-PSK | 29.0120 | 47.2819 | |
64-QAM | 31.3818 | 53.2347 | |
Clear Ocean | OOK | 6.7536 | 10.4192 |
PPM | 3.2175 | 5.0488 | |
DPSK | 5.2636 | 8.9066 | |
QPSK | 11.5337 | 18.8405 | |
32-PSK | 25.2373 | 43.4235 | |
64-QAM | 26.9049 | 48.6089 | |
Coastal Ocean | OOK | 3.6980 | 7.2698 |
PPM | 1.7018 | 3.4751 | |
DPSK | 2.3764 | 5.7724 | |
QPSK | 5.6102 | 12.5581 | |
32-PSK | 10.9980 | 27.7722 | |
64-QAM | 10.5822 | 29.9085 | |
Turbid Harbor | OOK | 0 | 0.0004 |
PPM | 0 | 0.0002 | |
DPSK | 0 | 0.0001 | |
QPSK | 0 | 0.0004 | |
32-PSK | 0 | 0.0006 | |
64-QAM | 0 | 0.0005 |
