Fig. 4

Metabolites present at differing concentrations (DMs) in targeted metabolomics. (A) ROC curves for typical DMs for the Control vs. CNAG groups; (B) the Control vs. CAG groups; and (C) the Control vs. GC groups; (D) Names and AUCs of the selected DMs in the different groups; (E) Statistical plots of the mean peak areas for the various groups with respect to the DMs identified using the UPLC-MS-MRM assay. Control (n = 10), CNAG (n = 19), CAG (n = 19), and GC (n = 9). Control vs. Disease group *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001, Student’s t-test.