Fig. 1
From: Bovine milk exosomes influence transcriptome profiles and reduce cardiac fibrosis in a rat model
The cardiac fibrosis levels and cardiac function in ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis rats treated orally with bovine milk exosomes or PBS. (a) ECM deposition in the left ventricle assessed by H&E stain and Masson’s trichrome staining (n = 3, Scale bar:50 μm). (b) Quantitative analysis of cell counts in the left ventricle(H&E staining). (c) Quantitative analysis of collagen area in the left ventricle(Masson’s trichrome staining). (d) Representative echocardiographic analysis of cardiac function(n = 3). (e) Quantitative analysis of cardiac function parameters of (n = 3). LVIDd: left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole; LVIDs: left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole; LVPWs: left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-systole; LVPWd: left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole; SV: stroke volume; ESV: end-systole volume; EDV: end-diastole volume; CO: cardiac output; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; *: p < 0.05; #: p < 0.005; ##: p < 0.001.
