Table 5 MANOVA and post hoc ANOVA for longitudinal assessment in patients, irrespective of outcome.

From: Diffusion-weighted imaging and retinal oximetry as potential biomarkers of visual outcomes after optic neuritis

MANOVA

ANOVA

Model

factor

Wilk’s λ

df*

F

p

Partial η2

Variable

df*

F

p†

Partial η2

Unadjusted

Time

0.580

8, 9

0.815

0.608

0.420

     

Hemisphere

0.219

4, 13

11.599

 < 0.001

0.781

FA

1, 16

5.151

0.037

0.244

MD

1, 16

15.308

0.001

0.489

AD

1, 16

38.641

 < 0.001

0.707

f2

1, 16

38.017

 < 0.001

0.704

Time × hemisphere

0.245

8, 9

3.473

0.041

0.755

FA‡

1.5, 23.8

0.680

0.474

0.041

MD

2, 32

1.549

0.228

0.088

AD

2, 32

1.040

0.365

0.061

f2

2, 32

0.582

0.565

0.035

Adjusted

Time

0.163

8, 7

4.485

0.031

0.837

FA

2, 28

3.708

0.037

0.209

MD

2, 28

2.555

0.096

0.154

AD

2, 28

4.294

0.024

0.235

f2

2, 28

0.580

0.566

0.040

Hemisphere

0.426

4, 11

3.709

0.038

0.574

FA

1, 14

0.058

0.813

0.004

MD

1, 14

13.039

0.003

0.482

AD

1, 14

12.035

0.004

0.462

f2

1, 14

6.136

0.027

0.305

Affected side

0.603

4, 11

1.814

0.196

0.397

     

Time since onset

0.825

4, 11

0.585

0.680

0.175

     

Time × hemisphere

0.269

8, 7

2.380

0.135

0.731

     

Time × affected side

0.387

8, 7

1.389

0.339

0.613

     

Time × time since onset

0.177

8, 7

4.057

0.041

0.823

FA

2, 28

2.396

0.109

0.146

MD

2, 28

1.945

0.162

0.122

AD

2, 28

2.886

0.073

0.171

f2

2, 28

0.694

0.508

0.047

Hemisphere × affected side

0.864

4, 11

0.431

0.783

0.136

     

Hemisphere × time since onset

0.703

4, 11

1.161

0.379

0.297

     

Time × hemisphere × affected side

0.200

8, 7

3.502

0.058

0.800

     

Time × hemisphere × time since onset

0.316

8, 7

1.894

0.207

0.684

     
  1. *Order: hypothesis df, error df; †Bonferroni-corrected significance level p < 0.0125 for n = 4 marked in bold; ‡Greenhouse‒Geisser corrected univariate statistics with ε = 0.743 due to sphericity assumption violation, p = 0.041, Mauchly’s test of sphericity.
  2. AD axial diffusivity, ANOVA analysis of variance, df degrees of freedom, f2 secondary partial volume fraction, FA fractional anisotropy, MANOVA multivariate ANOVA, MD mean diffusivity.
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