Table 3 Characteristics of participants.

From: Estimating the impact of pill burden on health utilities in hemodialysis therapy

Ā 

Study participants, n (%)a

General population, %b

Total N

107

NA

Age in years, mean (s.d.)

44.5 (14.32)

47.7 (NA)

Sex, male

54 (50.5)

48.6

Highest level education completed

Graduate school

4 (3.7)

3.0

College/university (bachelor’s degree)

71 (66.4)

24.7

College (associate degree)

9 (8.4)

8.0

Technical school

7 (6.5)

12.3

Senior high school

16 (15.0)

38.4

Junior high school

0 (0.0)

11.6

Employment status

Employed

Regular staff/employee

50 (46.7)

32.9

Part-time staff/employee

11 (10.3)

9.4

Marginal part-time worker

6 (5.6)

3.9

Temporary worker from a dispatching office

6 (5.6)

1.4

Contract staff

9 (8.4)

2.7

Commissioned worker

3 (2.8)

1.0

Company executive

1 (0.9)

0.9

Self-employed worker (with employees)

0 (0.0)

3.6

Self-employed worker (without employees)

6 (5.6)

0.9

Helping with the family business

0 (0.0)

0.1

Side job

0 (0.0)

0.8

Not working

Seeking a job

0 (0.0)

2.9

Attending school

4 (3.7)

5.1

Housekeeping

8 (7.5)

16.4

Others (e.g., retired)

3 (2.8)

14.7

Marital status

Unmarried

47 (43.9)

25.6

Married

53 (49.5)

54.4

Single (widowed)

0 (0.0)

8.2

Single (divorced)

7 (6.5)

5.0

No answer

0 (0.0)

6.8

Annual household income

[million yen]

< 2

4 (3.7)

19.7

≄ 2 to < 3

9 (8.4)

14.6

≄ 3 to < 4

14 (13.1)

12.6

≄ 4 to < 5

15 (14.0)

10.3

≄ 5 to < 6

10 (9.3)

8.4

≄ 6 to < 7

10 (9.3)

7.3

≄ 7 to < 8

9 (8.4)

6.2

≄ 8 to < 9

7 (6.5)

4.9

≄ 9 to < 10

9 (8.4)

3.6

≄ 10

20 (18.7)

12.4

  1. aUnless otherwise noted.
  2. bGeneral population values from the official statistics of the Japanese government25,26,27,28,29,30,31.
  3. NA, Not available; s.d., standard deviation.