Fig. 12

Visual Analysis of Hybrid Feature-Based Models (a) Comparative Bar Chart of Performance Metrics (b) t-SNE Embedding of DenseNet121 + ViT-B/16 Features (c) UMAP Projection of DenseNet121 + ViT-B/16 Embeddings (d) ViT Attention Heatmap (Test Sample) Highlighting Class-Discriminative Regions.