Table 4 The vulnerability exposure factors.

From: Vulnerability assessment model integrating outcome and characteristic-based metrics for electric motorcycle battery swapping and charging stations

Code

Factor

Description and metric

Reference

VEF1

Operational disruption

Operational disruption refers to any incident or condition that interrupts, delays, or impairs the normal battery swapping and charging processes at a station. The total number of disruptions over the observation period T is quantified as a static feature, \(x_{T}\).

Sharma45

VEF2

Flood potential level

An index quantifying the flood hazard level in the vicinity of the station.

Sharma45, Dev35, Kamble54

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