Table 1 Changes in skin brightness and glycation-related parameters after dual-effect composition (DEC)-containing serum application.

From: Dual-targeting antioxidant and anti-glycation strategy inhibits melanogenesis through clinical and mechanistic study

Time

Baseline

Week 4

Week 8

Parameter

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Change (%)

P-value

Mean ± SD

Change (%)

P-value

L*

62.95 ± 2.35

63.32 ± 2.53

0.59

0.005

63.57 ± 2.16

0.98

0.003

b*

16.81 ± 1.28

16.41 ± 1.45

−2.37

0.003

15.81 ± 1.36

−5.92

< 0.001

ITA°

37.33 ± 5.17

38.73 ± 5.08

3.73

< 0.001

40.39 ± 4.37

8.18

< 0.001

SAF

2.16 ± 0.35

1.98 ± 0.37

−8.34

< 0.001

1.85 ± 0.34

−14.23

< 0.001

Sallowness

4.26 ± 0.53

4.04 ± 0.48

−5.17

< 0.001

3.78 ± 0.39

−11.38

< 0.001

  1. Change (%) = (post-treatment value − baseline value)/baseline value × 100%. P < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference compared with baseline.
Back to article page