Table 1 Evaluation of the created immunosensor for the detection of PSA with different electrodes.

MOF-235

100.0 fg mL^{− 1}− 10.0 µg mL^{− 1}

63.24 fg mL^{− 1}

⁵¹

NiFe PBA/AuNPs

0.5 pg mL^{− 1} − 1000 pg mL^{− 1}

0.23 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵²

PSA /α-F₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Au

100 fg mL^{− 1}- 100 ng mL^{− 1}

0.78 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵³

MoS₂/Pt@Au-nanoprism/PDA

0.0001 ng mL^{− 1}- 100 ng mL^{− 1}

0.1 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁴

NH₂-VMSF

10 pg mL^{− 1}− 1 µg mL^{− 1}

8.1 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁵

CS–rGO

10 fg mL^{− 1}- 1 ng mL^{− 1}

1.9 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁶

AuNWs/anti-PSA doped polypyrole

10 fg mL^{− 1}- 10 ng mL^{− 1}

0.3 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁷

GS–QD

0.005 ng mL^{− 1}- 10 ng mL^{− 1}

3 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁸

Quince seed mucilage-GNPs-SNPs

0.1 pg mL^{− 1} − 100 ng mL^{− 1}

0.078 pg mL^{− 1}

⁵⁹

PANI@Ti₃C₂-Au-NPs MXene Q.Ds

2 fg mL^{− 1}- 2 pg/mL

0.61 fg mL^{− 1}

This study