Fig. 2

3D, 2D and contour plots of the dark soliton solution for Eq. (16). The plot illustrates a stable intensity dip surrounded by a continuous background, confirming the dark soliton profile observed in optical and fluid systems.

3D, 2D and contour plots of the dark soliton solution for Eq. (16). The plot illustrates a stable intensity dip surrounded by a continuous background, confirming the dark soliton profile observed in optical and fluid systems.