Fig. 1

Main effects of light spectrum and AMF-containing biostimulant (BS) on C. roseus fresh weights (FWs). (A, B, D) Leaf, shoot, and aerial (leaf + shoot) fresh weights under different light spectra: white light [W], red light [R], blue light [B], and a mixture of B and R light [RB]. (C) Shoot fresh weight under BS treatment (NO = untreated, YES = treated). Bars represent the standard error (n = 7). Means with different letters within each panel are significantly different at the 5% level (Tukey’s adjustment for light spectrum, t-test for BS).