Fig. 5

Jurkat cell DNA damage after OC2 treatment (0.5 to 4 h). (A) Representative fluorescence microscopy images with EtBr staining: (i) control, (ii) etoposide (positive control) and (iii-vi) OC2 treatment for increasing durations. (B) Quantification of DNA damage by tail moment (mean ± SEM, 3 replicates). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05 vs. negative control.