Table 1 Antibacterial activity of different human pathogenic bacterial strains. Positive control – Vancomycin (Gram positive), gentamicin (Gram negative), DMSO (Negative control) – Absence of zone of inhibition. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Distinct superscript letters (a, ab, b, etc.) within the same column denote statistically significant differences among the treatment groups (p < 0.05) according to tukey’s multiple range test. Groups bearing the same letter do not differ significantly from one another.

From: A novel approach to silver nanoparticle biosynthesis using ursolic acid from Catharanthus roseus for therapeutic effects

Name of

Bacterial stains

Zone of inhibition (mm)

Ursolic acid

AgNO3

UA-AgNPs

Positive control

B. cereus (+)

12 ± 0.76b

8 ± 0.64c

18 ± 1.43a

20 ± 0.3a

E. faecalis (+)

6 ± 0.54d

8 ± 0.23c

12 ± 0.34b

18 ± 1.45a

S. aureus (+)

8 ± 0.35c

0 ± 0d

10 ± 1.34b

20 ± 1.00a

E. coli (-)

12 ± 0.42c

6 ± 0.2d

12 ± 0.36b

24 ± 0.42a

K. pneumonia (-)

8 ± 1.43c

4 ± 0.45d

11 ± 1.40b

18 ± 0.44a

P. aeruginosa (-)

8 ± 0.75c

2 ± 0.23d

16 ± 1.00b

24 ± 0.87a