Table 1 Comparison of some of the reported fluorescent methods for bilirubin detection with the proposed sensor.

N-CQDs

1.35–14.20 µM

4.86 µM

-

Fluorescence quenching (FRET)

²¹

NCDs

8.319–161.290 µM

0.32 µM

1.08 µM

Fluorescence quenching (IFE)

²⁷

Benzylamine

capped CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ perovskite quantum dots

0.71–24.21 µM

0.42 µM

-

Fluorescence quenching (FRET)

⁵⁰

Copper nanoparticles protected by ascorbic acid (AACuNPs)

1.00 × 10⁻⁵ M − 5.00 × 10⁻⁷ M

0.248 µM

-

Fluorescence quenching (Static quenching assisted by IFE)

²⁰

CuCD

0.5–280 µM

0.0907 µM

0.3023 µM

Fluorescence quenching (Static quenching and IFE)

This work