Table 1 The corresponding improved details of the original multifunctional experimental apparatus.

From: Experimental research on the structural optimization of grouting holes in circular and rectangular pipe sections for trenchless pipe jacking

Improved part

Original structure

Improved structure

Improved description

Jacking module

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Extending the length of bottom support, to symmetrically add another jacking module on the other side.

Bolt holes of the variable frequency motor and the guide sheaves.

The vertical bases of guide sheaves.

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The long strip shape of bolt holes is optimized to be round holes. Moreover, the vertical base of guide sheave is optimized for right-angle shape, and the upper part of guide sheave is firmly connected with the horizontal side of the right-angle base.

Sealing flange end covers

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One side of the sealing flange end covers is optimized for prominent structure, which can match the annular step gap on the side connected to the geotechnical box, effectively improve the sealing performance and reduce the soil particles loss.

Grouting module

None.

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Adding the grouting module to expand the function of the experimental apparatus effectively. The formation process of slurry jacket and its lubrication and frictional reduction performance for the relative motion of the pipe section and the soil can be tested experimentally.