Table 3 Discriminate validity of the research model.

From: Understanding designers’ switching intention to AI painting tools using the PPM framework

Constructs

PLOTC

IE

COT

SC

HAB

IN

ATT

PEOU

PE

PP

ITS

DIS

PLOTC

0.868

           

IE

0.240

0.825

          

COT

0.259

0.478

0.853

         

SC

0.228

0.066

0.148

0.809

        

HAB

0.114

− 0.099

− 0.062

0.474

0.832

       

IN

0.031

0.176

0.168

0.294

0.164

0.796

      

ATT

− 0.009

0.164

0.114

− 0.199

− 0.250

− 0.139

0.834

     

PEOU

− 0.049

0.106

0.070

− 0.268

− 0.281

− 0.036

0.494

0.834

    

PE

− 0.036

0.155

0.197

− 0.293

− 0.368

− 0.047

0.557

0.614

0.810

   

PP

0.014

0.077

0.103

− 0.207

− 0.222

− 0.158

0.677

0.501

0.564

0.879

  

ITS

− 0.069

0.259

0.233

− 0.234

− 0.345

0.094

0.424

0.517

0.596

0.460

0.749

 

DIS

0.166

0.445

0.384

0.199

− 0.052

0.204

0.065

0.028

0.032

0.046

0.127

0.888

  1. DIS dissatisfaction with traditional painting tools PLOTC perceived technology uncontrol, IE inconsistent expectations, COT consumption of time, SC switching cost, HAB habit, IN individual non-innovation, ATT attractiveness of AI painting tools, PEOU perceived ease of use, PE perceived efficiency, PP perceived pleasure, ITS intention to switch to AI painting tools.