Table 1 Methodology of the muscle strength assessment test.

From: Upper limb muscle strength and neuromuscular coordination and other factors as determinants of kinesiophobia in people with cervical and cervicothoracic spine dysfunction

Test structures

Test movements

Starting position

Place of measurement

Stabilization

M. infraspinatus, M. supraspinatus

External rotation

Sitting, arms along the torso, forearm flexion 90°, palm facing inwards

Above the wrist

Outer side of the elbow using the therapist’s hand

M. deltoideus

Abduction of the arm

Sitting, abduction of the arm to 90°, elbow bent 90°, hand in pronation

On the arm, proximal to the elbow

Therapist behind and to the side of the participant, hand on participant‘s tested shoulder

M. biceps brachii

Elbow flexion and supination of the forearm

Sitting, arm flexion 45°, elbow flexion 45°, hand in supination

Inner side of the arm, above the wrist

Of the tested arm

M. triceps brachii

Extension of the elbow joint

Sitting, arm and elbow flexion 45°, hand in supination

Outer side of the arm above the wrist

Of the tested arm

M.flexor digitorum, M.adductor pollicis, M.abductor digiti minimi, MM.interossei

Hand-grip strength

Sitting, arms adducted, naturally rotated, maintained the right angle at the elbow, forearm positioned naturally, wrists in flexion between 0 and 30°

The participant’s hand - hand dynamometer

Forearm resting on the couch

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