Fig. 2

The CO2 emissions overtime and cumulative CO2 emissions from the soil during the 63-day laboratory incubation in the topsoil (0–10 cm) layer and subsoil (10–20 cm) layer under seven planting types. Values in the bar graph are mean ± SD (n = 3). (a) The CO2 emission in the topsoil layer; (b) the cumulative CO2 emissions in the topsoil layer during the laboratory incubation period; (c) the CO2 emission in the subsoil layer; (d) the cumulative CO2 emissions in the subsoil layer. AOM, Hevea brasiliensis-Alpinia oxyphylla Miq; AKH, Hevea brasiliensis-Alpinia katsumadai Hayata; CAA, Hevea brasiliensis-Coffea arabica; TCA, Hevea brasiliensis-Theobroma cacao; CCA, Hevea brasiliensis-Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don.; PAR, Hevea brasiliensis-Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb; RM, rubber monoculture. The letters above the column represent significant differences among treatments at p < 0.05.