Fig. 4
Prognostic Implications of Key Genes. (A). Based on the clusterProfiler package; a single gene set enrichment analysis is performed on the tumor group vs. normal group. (B). Box plots showing the expression levels of selected genes, grouped by normal and tumor tissues. Statistical significance of differences between groups was assessed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, with p-values indicating differential expression. (C–F. Prognostic analysis revealed that higher expression of LDHA and ACTR2 was associated with poorer outcomes across overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free interval (DFI), and progression-free interval (PFI). (G). Bubble plot showing the mRNA expression levels of selected genes across different tumor stages. (H). Line plot showing the mRNA expression trends of selected genes across tumor stages, from early to late. Each line represents a gene, with changes in expression levels highlighting stage-specific regulatory patterns. (I). Expression and pathway activity module estimates the difference in gene expression between pathway activity groups (activation and inhibition), which are defined by median pathway scores. (J). Expression profiles of differentially expressed MHC, effector molecules, and checkpoint receptors based on scRNA-seq data. (K). Bubble plot displaying KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of all cells based on scRNA-seq data. The size of the bubbles indicates the number of genes involved in each pathway, while color intensity reflects the statistical significance of enrichment. (L). Bubble plot displaying KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of LTB + CD8 Tn based on scRNA-seq data.
