Table 7 Additional validation of the proposed system using two external COVID and monkeypox virus (MPV) datasets compared with other techniques.

From: An optimized ensemble grey wolf-based pipeline for monkeypox diagnosis

Metrics (%)

Dataset

Compared methods

Proposed

XGBoost57

ORFA37

EDM29

EDGA28

CPE14

DBC13

NMF3

Accuracy

COVID51

98.00

91.69

88.05

94.05

89.00

93.58

91.23

87.65

MPV58

99.00

92.03

88.98

95.00

90.85

94.02

92.98

89.65

Precision

COVID51

91.00

89.80

87.00

89.25

69.00

82.32

74.00

63.40

MPV58

91.65

90.25

88.65

90.25

71.00

83.00

75.98

63.99

Recall

COVID51

89.00

88.00

72.00

79.25

67.88

79.23

72.00

64.00

MPV58

91.00

90.00

74.65

80.95

69.00

80.52

73.65

64.89

F1-score

COVID51

89.58

89.23

89.52

87.69

68.00

80.69

73.69

65.00

MPV58

90.52

91.28

90.00

89.95

70.21

81.95

74.00

65.25

AUC-ROC

COVID51

98.26

98.52

91.00

93.85

95.85

94.00

92.00

91.85

MPV58

98.69

98.85

92.63

93.89

96.00

94.85

93.01

92.36