Table 3 Effect of different sources and doses of gamma rays on morphological traits, pigment traits, protein, proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes activity of maize hybrids triple white (Giza 321) plants.

Control

57.30 ± 3.52^a

8.90 ± 1.21^ab

8.14 ± 1.43^a

23.55 ± 1.21^a

19.37 ± 1.21^a

42.92 ± 1.25^a

0.02 ± 0.01^d

6.76 ± 0.05^d

0.99 ± 0.03^d

15 ± 0.59^d

4.80 ± 0.76^d

10 Co

35.80 ± 3.43^c

6.60 ± 0.51^b

2.92 ± 0.43^c

19.34 ± 2.02^b

12.54 ± 2.21^bc

31.87 ± 2.01^c

2.11 ± 0.02^c

7.66 ± 0.04^c

1.60 ± 0.03^c

22 ± 0.55^bc

8.60 ± 0.59^c

20 Co

48.25 ± 3.17^a

8.33 ± 0.55^ab

6.31 ± 1.06^a

22.89 ± 1.04^a

14.98 ± 1.32^b

37.87 ± 1.20^b

1.94 ± 0.12^c

8.26 ± 0.04^b

2.05 ± 0.02^a

28 ± 0.59^b

13.20 ± 0.14^b

50 Co

41.60 ± 3.90^bc

7.60 ± 1.03^ab

4.20 ± 0.65^bc

16.79 ± 1.56^bc

11.54 ± 2.12^c

28.33 ± 2.21^cd

3.52 ± 0.02^a

7.96 ± 0.04^b

1.55 ± 0.04^a

35 ± 0.38^a

16.60 ± 0.12^a

10 Cs

46.20 ± 2.35^a

12.10 ± 1.63^a

5.28 ± 0.47^abc

12.79 ± 1.32^d

9.80 ± 1.02^d

22.59 ± 2.36^d

3.44 ± 0.032^a

7.39 ± 0.04^c

1.38 ± 0.03^c

18 ± 0.26^d

6.00 ± 1.48^d

20 Cs

40.83 ± 1.44^bc

8.16 ± 1.08^ab

3.53 ± 0.60^c

12.69 ± 2.32^d

8. 80 ± 2.21^d

21.49 ± 2.36^d

3.47 ± 0.21^a

8.76 ± 0.04^a

2.55 ± 0.03^b

22 ± 0.89^bc

8.40 ± 0.48^c

50 Cs

46.80 ± 3.84^a

9.60 ± 1.08^ab

4.94 ± 0.51^abc

14.87 ± 2.21^c

8.78 ± 0.65^d

23.65 ± 1.65^d

3.36 ± 0.14^a

7.08 ± 0.04^bc

1.70 ± 0.03^b

25 ± 0.71^b

7.20 ± 0.59^c

HSD at 5%

12.36

4.01

3.34

3.36

2.01

4.34

0.65

0.45

0.51

4.34

2.65