Fig. 3
Plots showing the peak ages of component Gaussians on the TPSM, compared with regional and global paleoclimate records. (a) The component Gaussians of 10Be moraine ages from the TPSM; (b) Regional glacial stages (semi-arid western Himalaya-Tibetan Stage: SWHTS)17; (c) Regional glacial stages (monsoon Himalayan–Tibetan stages: MOHITS)18; (d) Time-distance diagram of glaciers in the Revelation Mountains, Alaska5. Boulder ages were recalculated using the default global average 10Be production rate and the LSDn scaling model, with moraine ages corrected using the Bayesian age model; (e) Glacier-inferred temperatures reconstructed from Southern Alps glacier chronologies4. Boulder ages were recalculated using the default global average 10Be production rate and the LSDn scaling model; (f) Reconstructed global sea level58; (g) Atmospheric CO2 concentrations from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide59; (h) The δ18O record of NGRIP ice core from Greenland60; (i) Summer July insolation curve for 30°N61; (j) Speleothem δ18O records from Mawmluh Cave in the northern Indian, negative value represents strong Indian summer monsoon and vice versa43; (k) Lake Qinghai Asian summer monsoon index (SMI)47; (l) Lake Qinghai Westerlies climate index (WI, flux of > 0.25 mm fraction)47; (m) Pollen discrimination index (PDI) record from Nam Co, central Tibetan Plateau14.
