Fig. 4

Typical features in failure process (Dam 1 in Test 1): (a) Evolution of the phreatic line; (b) Phreatic line; (c) Overtopping breach; (d) Submersion of the residual dam. t = 0 indicates the beginning of the impoundment.

Typical features in failure process (Dam 1 in Test 1): (a) Evolution of the phreatic line; (b) Phreatic line; (c) Overtopping breach; (d) Submersion of the residual dam. t = 0 indicates the beginning of the impoundment.