Fig. 1
From: Learning based lower limb joint kinematic estimation using open source IMU data

General flowchart for deep learning model development using IMU and OMC data. The workflow begins with the preprocessing of both open-source and collected datasets. The open-source dataset is then employed to train CNN/LSTM models aimed at estimating joint kinematics through both user-individualized and user-generalized methods. Following this, the user-generalized model serves as the foundation for the transfer learning approach (user-adaptive method), which is utilized to evaluate the model’s adaptiveness. Additionally, the collected dataset is used to train LSTM models specifically for user-adaptive methods.