Table 3 Absolute and relative frequencies of non-verbal cues exhibited by native and non-native speakers in correct and incorrect statements.
From: Non-verbal cues in eyewitness testimonies do not predict accuracy or credibility assessments
Cue | Overall | Correct statements (n = 479) | Incorrect statements (n = 201) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Native | Non-native | Total | Native | Non-native | ||
Overall cues1 | 1632 | 1136 | 567 | 569 | 496 | 288 | 206 |
Fidgeting | 60 (8.82%) | 44 (9.19%) | 26 (10.74%) | 18 (7.59%) | 16 (7.96%) | 12 (10.17%) | 4 (4.88%) |
Illustrators | 78 (11.47%) | 59 (12.32%) | 37 (15.29%) | 22 (9.28%) | 19 (9.45%) | 9 (7.63%) | 10 (12.2%) |
Facial shielding | 5 (0.74%) | 3 (0.63%) | 3 (1.24%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (1.69%) | 0 (0%) |
Shrugs | 11 (1.62%) | 7 (1.46%) | 6 (2.48%) | 1 (0.42%) | 4 (1.99%) | 3 (2.54%) | 1 (1.22%) |
Head nods | 165 (24.26%) | 114 (23.8%) | 54 (22.31%) | 60 (25.32%) | 51 (25.37%) | 32 (27.12%) | 19 (23.17%) |
Head shakes | 93 (13.68%) | 58 (12.11%) | 30 (12.4%) | 28 (11.81%) | 35 (17.41%) | 22 (18.64%) | 12 (14.63%) |
Other body movement | 421 (61.91%) | 299 (62.42%) | 154 (63.64%) | 145 (61.18%) | 122 (60.7%) | 70 (59.32%) | 52 (63.41%) |
Smile | 19 (2.79%) | 14 (2.92%) | 6 (2.48%) | 8 (3.38%) | 5 (2.49%) | 3 (2.54%) | 2 (2.44%) |
Eye shifts | 436 (64.12%) | 296 (61.8%) | 137 (56.61%) | 159 (67.09%) | 140 (69.65%) | 81 (68.64%) | 58 (70.73%) |
Eyes closed | 41 (6.03%) | 32 (6.68%) | 22 (9.09%) | 10 (4.22%) | 9 (4.48%) | 9 (7.63%) | 0 (0%) |
Brow movement | 195 (28.68%) | 138 (28.81%) | 65 (26.86%) | 73 (30.8%) | 57 (28.36%) | 31 (26.27%) | 26 (31.71%) |
Other facial expressiveness | 108 (15.88%) | 72 (15.03%) | 27 (11.16%) | 45 (18.99%) | 36 (17.91%) | 14 (11.86%) | 22 (26.83%) |
